独裁政体
外观
独裁政体又称独裁体制,是政治学概念,指由一个人或少数人集团,拥有绝对政治权力而弗受宪政托法律限制个政体。箇种一人或少数人统治个体制,搭「多数人个统治」个民主相对立。独裁体制个统治权常由一人或一集团所垄断,通过弗同个镇压机制来发挥渠个政治权威。
独裁体制会导致集权搭极权,并违反人民主权原则,违背搭权力分立搭制衡等政府组织原则。近代以来个政治理论侪反对独裁政体,认为此类政体侵害搭违背民众利益,甚至危害人民个生命搭财产安全。
世界史上,拉两次世界大战之间当时弗少学者拿独裁政体分为四类型:宪政独裁、共产独裁(名义上是无产阶级专政)、反革命独裁搭法西斯独裁,然而世界各地发展出许多弗同拉箇些类型个独裁如宗教独裁、家族独裁等[1]。
参考搭引证
[编辑]- ↑ Frank J. Coppa(1 January 2006).Encyclopedia of Modern Dictators: From Napoleon to the Present.Peter Lang.ISBN 978-0-8204-5010-0.於25 March 2014参阅.原文:“In the period between the two world wars, four types of dictatorships were described by a number of smart people: constitutional, the communist (nominally championing the "dictatorship of the proletariat"), the counterrevolutionary, and the fascist. Many have rightfully questioned the distinctions between these prototypes. In fact, since World War II, we have recognized that the range of dictatorships is much broader than earlier posited and it includes so-called Third World dictatorships in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East and religious dictatorships....They are also family dictatorships ....”