三相神
外观
三相神(梵文:त्रिमूर्तिः trimūrti),垃梵文裏向原意爲“有三種形式”,是印度教裏个一隻概念,“擔宇宙个创造,维持搭毁灭个功能分别人性化为创造者梵天,维护者或保护者毗濕奴,以及毁灭者或转化者濕婆” [1][2]。箇三位神灵畀认为是“印度教个三合一(the Hindu triad)”[3]或“伟大个三位一体”[4],或称为“梵天-毗濕奴-濕婆”。
印度哲學家(比如数论派)常用三德(Guna)來解釋三相神:
- 答磨(暗,Tamas)表示無知、懶惰及靈性个黑暗,搭仔毀滅之神濕婆有關。
- 罗阇(忧,Rajas)表示活動、熱情及新个開始,搭梵天有關。
- 萨埵(喜,Sattva)表示純淨、友善及和諧,搭毗濕奴有關。[5]
三德也對應三種顏色及地球个三個成份:答磨爲黑眼色,對應地球丄个火、罗阇爲紅顏色,對應地球丄个土、萨埵爲白色,對應地球丄个水。
参考文献
[编辑]引用
[编辑]- ↑ For quotation defining the trimurti see Matchett, Freda. "The Purāṇas", in: Flood (2003), p. 139.
- ↑ For the Trimurti system having Brahma as the creator, Vishnu as the maintainer or preserver, and Shiva as the transformer or destroyer. see Zimmer (1972) p. 124.
- ↑ For definition of trimurti as "the unified form" of Brahmā, Viṣṇu and Śiva and use of the phrase "the Hindu triad" see: Apte, p. 485.
- ↑ For the term "Great Trinity" in relation to the Trimurti see: Jansen, p. 83.
- ↑ Wolfgang Bauer, Irmtraud Dümotz, Sergius Golowin: Lexikon der Symbole. Heyne 2001