File:Mauna Loa CO2 monthly mean concentration.svg

此SVG文件的PNG预览的大小：600×600像素。其他分辨率：240×240像素 | 480×480像素 | 768×768像素 | 1,024×1,024像素 | 2,048×2,048像素 | 708×708像素。

原始文件（SVG文件，名义大小：708×708像素，文件大小：434 KB）

箇文件维基共享资源里个，作兴会畀别个项目使用。渠个描述页里个说明显示如下。

小结

描述	English: This figure shows the history of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations as directly measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii since 1958. This curve is known as the Keeling curve, and is an essential piece of evidence of the man-made increases in greenhouse gases that are believed to be the cause of global warming. The longest such record exists at Mauna Loa, but these measurements have been independently confirmed at many other sites around the world [1]. The annual fluctuation in carbon dioxide is caused by seasonal variations in carbon dioxide uptake by land plants. Since many more forests are concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere, more carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere during Northern Hemisphere summer than Southern Hemisphere summer. This annual cycle is shown in the inset figure by taking the average concentration for each month across all measured years. The red curve shows the average monthly concentrations, and blue curve is a smoothed trend. The carbon dioxide data is measured as the mole fraction in dry air. This dataset constitutes the longest record of direct measurements of CO₂ in the atmosphere (regularly updated).
日脚	2019年1月6日
来源	自家个作品. Data from Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL and Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
作者	Oeneis
其他版本	[编辑] Keeling curve English: Plots of the Keeling curve produced with R in SVG for several languages. Français : Graphiques multi-langues de la Courbe de Keeling réalisés avec R en SVG. català čeština Deutsch English español français Nederlands norsk nynorsk polski română русский

Create this plot

i该SVG的源代码为有效代码.

本矢量图使用R创作.

R code

# Mauna Loa atmospheric CO2 change
# multi language plot for Wikipedia
# using different possible sources (Scripps if NOAA is not available)
# 
# Used for https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mauna_Loa_CO2_monthly_mean_concentration.svg
# and related files in other languages. See all files in :
# https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Other_versions/Mauna_Loa_CO2_monthly_mean_concentration
# 
# Update this script on :
# https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Other_versions/Mauna_Loa_CO2_monthly_mean_concentration.R&action=edit

# Required packages.   used for :
library(readr)         # reading data
library(dplyr)         # data processing
library(ggplot2)       # plot
library(gridExtra)     # plot positionning
library(scales)        # pretty breaks on plot axis
library(lubridate)     # date processing
library(httr)          # check url
library(Hmisc)         # ci from bootstrap

# install all locales beforehand, e.g. :
# sudo locale-gen ca_ES.UTF-8

old_locale <- Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME")

# Translations ------------------------------------------------------------

language <- list(
  
  ca_ES = list(
    locale_lc_time = "ca_ES.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Mitjana mensual de la concentratió de"~CO[2]),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("dades : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper and A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Visitada", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("dades : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) i\n Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Visitada ", Sys.Date()),
    x = "any",
    y = bquote("fracció de"~CO[2]~"en aire sec ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "mes",
    y2 = bquote(atop("fracció de"~CO[2]~"en aire sec ("*mu*"mol/mol)",
                     "desviació de la mitjana anual")),
    title2 = "Variació mensual"
  ),
  
  cs_CZ = list(
    locale_lc_time = "cs_CZ.UTF-8",
    title = "Průměrné měsíční koncentrace oxidu uhličitého",
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("data : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper a A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Přístupné", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("data : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) a\nDr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Přístupné", Sys.Date()),
    x = "rok",
    y = bquote("koncentrace"~CO[2]~"v suchém vzduchu ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "měsíc",
    y2 = bquote(atop("koncentrace"~CO[2]~"v suchém vzduchu ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "odchylka od ročního průměru")),
    title2 = "Měsíční změna (průměrná roční odchylka)"
  ),
  
  de_DE = list(
    locale_lc_time = "de_DE.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Monatliche durchschnittliche"~CO[2]*"-Konzentration"),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("Datei : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper und A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Zugänglich am", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("Datei : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) und\nDr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Zugänglich am", Sys.Date()),
    x = "Jahr",
    y = bquote(CO[2]*"-Anteil in trockener Luft ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Monate",
    y2 = bquote(atop(CO[2]*"-Anteil in trockener Luft ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "Abweichung vom Jahresmittel")),
    title2 = "Monatliche Variation"
  ),  
  
  en_US = list(
    locale_lc_time = "en_US.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Monthly mean"~CO[2]~"concentration"),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("Data : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper and A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accessed", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("Data : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) and\n Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accessed ", Sys.Date()),
    x = "Year",
    y = bquote(CO[2]~"fraction in dry air ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Month",
    y2 = bquote(atop(CO[2]~"fraction in dry air ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "Departure from yearly average")),
    title2 = "Seasonal variation"
  ),
  
  es_ES = list(
    locale_lc_time = "es_ES.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Media mensual de la concentración de"~CO[2]),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("dato : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper y A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Visitada", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("dato : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) y\nDr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Visitada", Sys.Date()),
    x = "Año",
    y = bquote("Fraccion de"~CO[2]~"en aire secco ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Mes",
    y2 = bquote(atop("Fraccion de"~CO[2]~"en aire secco ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "Desviación de la media anual")),
    title2 = "Variación mensual"
  ),  
  
  fr_FR = list(
    locale_lc_time = "fr_FR.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Moyenne mensuelle de la concentration de"~CO[2]),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("données : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper et A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accédé le", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("données : Dr Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) et\n Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accédé le", Sys.Date()),
    x = "année",
    y = bquote("fraction de"~CO[2]~"dans l'air sec ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "mois",
    y2 = bquote(atop("fraction de"~CO[2]~"dans l'air sec ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "en écart à la moyenne annuelle")),
    title2 = "Variation saisonnière"
  ),

    nl_NL = list(
    locale_lc_time = "nl_NL.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Maandelijkse gemiddelde"~CO[2]*"-concentratie"),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = glue("Gegevens : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper en A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Geopend {Sys.Date()}"),
    caption_noaa = glue("Gegevens : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) en\n Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accessed  {Sys.Date()}"),
    x = "Jaar",
    y = bquote(CO[2]*"-fractie in droge lucht ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Mannd",
    y2 = bquote(atop(CO[2]*"-fractie in droge lucht ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "Afwijking van jaargemiddelde")),
    title2 = "Seizoensgebonden variatie"
  ),

  nn_NO = list(
    locale_lc_time = "nn_NO.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Gjennomsnittlig månedlig"~CO[2]*"-konsentrasjon"),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("data : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper og A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Vist", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("data : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) og\nDr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Vist", Sys.Date()),
    x = "År",
    y = bquote(CO[2]*"-andel i tørr luft ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Måned",
    y2 = bquote(atop(CO[2]*"-andel i tørr luft ("*mu*"mol/mol)",
                     "Avvik fra årlig gjennomsnitt")),
    title2 = "Årlig variasjon"
  ),
  
  pl_PL = list(
    locale_lc_time = "pl_PL.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Średnie miesięczne stężenie"~CO[2]),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa",
    caption_scripps = paste("Dane : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper i A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Dostęp na", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("Dane : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) i\nDr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Dostęp na", Sys.Date()),
    x = "Rok",
    y = bquote("Frakcja"~CO[2]~"w suchym powietrzu ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Miesiąc",
    y2 = bquote(atop("Frakcja"~CO[2]~"w suchym powietrzu ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "Odejście od średniej rocznej")),
    title2 = "Wahania sezonowe"
  ),

  ro_RO = list(
    locale_lc_time = "ro_RO.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Concentrația medie lunară de"~CO[2]),
    subtitle = "Mauna Loa, Hawaii",
    caption_scripps = paste("Date: R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper și A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accesat în", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("Date : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) și\n Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). Accesat în", Sys.Date()),
    x = "An",
    y = bquote("Ponderea"~CO[2]~"în aer uscat ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Lună",
    y2 = bquote(atop("Abaterea cotei"~CO[2]~"în aer uscat ("*mu*"mol/mol)", "Abatere de la media anuală")),
    title2 = "Variație sezonieră"
  ),

  ru_RU = list(
    locale_lc_time = "ru_RU.UTF-8",
    title = bquote("Среднемесячная и среднегодовая концентрации"~CO[2]),
    subtitle = "Мауна Лоа, Гаваи",
    caption_scripps = paste("данные : R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper и A. F. Bollenbacher\nScripps CO2 Program (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). доступ на", Sys.Date()),
    caption_noaa = paste("данные : Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/ESRL (https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) и\nDr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/). доступ на ", Sys.Date()),
    x = "Годы",
    y = bquote("Доля"~CO[2]~"в сухом воздухе ("*mu*"mol/mol)"),
    x2 = "Месяцы",
    y2 = bquote(atop("Отклонение доли"~CO[2]~"в сухом воздухе", "от среднегодового значения, мкмоль/моль")),
    title2 = "Сезонные колебания"
  )
  
)


# Data --------------------------------------------------------------------

# First try NOAA data, if not availble use Scripps data
if (!http_error("ftp://aftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/products/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt")) {
  # https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/data.html
  source <- "noaa"
  co2ml <- read_table(
    "ftp://aftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/products/trends/co2/co2_mm_mlo.txt",
    col_names = c("year", "month", "decimal", "average", "deseason", "ndays", "stddays", "unc"),
    col_types = "iidddidd",
    na = c("-99.99", "-1"),
    comment = "#") %>% 
    group_by(year) %>% 
    mutate(year_mean = mean(average, na.rm = TRUE),
           delta = average - year_mean,
           vdate = ymd(paste0("2015-", month, "-01")))%>% 
    rename(co2 = average)
  
} else {
  # https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/data/atmospheric_co2/primary_mlo_co2_record
  # used during US gov shutdown
  source <- "scripps"
  co2ml <- read_csv(
    "https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/assets/data/atmospheric/stations/in_situ_co2/monthly/monthly_in_situ_co2_mlo.csv",
    col_names = c("year", "month", "xls_date", "decimal",
                  "co2_raw", "co2_raw_seas_adj", "fit", "fit_seas_adj",
                  "co2_filled", "co2_filled_seas_adj"),
    col_types = "iiiddddddd",
    skip = 57,
    na = "-99.99",
    comment = "\"") %>% 
    group_by(year) %>% 
    mutate(year_mean = mean(co2_filled, na.rm = TRUE),
           delta = co2_filled - year_mean,
           vdate = ymd(paste0("2015-", month, "-01"))) %>% 
    rename(co2 = co2_filled)
}


# Generate the plot for each language -------------------------------------

for (l in names(language)) {
  message(l)
  current <- language[[l]]
  
  # format the date in local names
  Sys.setlocale("LC_TIME", current$locale_lc_time)
  
  # main plot
  p1 <- ggplot(co2ml, aes(decimal, co2)) + 	
    geom_line(color = "pink") +
    geom_point(color = "red", size = 0.6) +
    stat_smooth(span = 0.1) +
    scale_x_continuous(breaks = pretty_breaks()) +
    scale_y_continuous(breaks = pretty_breaks()) +
    labs(x = current$x,
         y = current$y,
         title = current$title,
         subtitle = paste(current$subtitle, min(co2ml$year), "-", max(co2ml$year)),
         caption = paste(current[[paste0("caption_", source)]],
                         "https://w.wiki/4ZWn", sep = "\n")) +
    theme_bw() +
    theme(plot.caption = element_text(size = 7))
  
  # inset plot
  p2 <- ggplot(co2ml, aes(vdate, delta)) +
    geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
    stat_smooth(span = 0.4, se = FALSE) +
    stat_summary(fun.data = "mean_cl_boot", colour = "red", size = 0.3) + 
    scale_x_date(breaks = pretty_breaks(4), 
                 minor_breaks = pretty_breaks(12), 
                 labels = date_format("%b")) +
    labs(x = current$x2,
         y = current$y2,
         title = current$title2) +
    theme_bw()
  
  # merge the plots and export in SVG
  p1 + annotation_custom(grob = ggplotGrob(p2),
                         xmin = 1957, xmax = 1991, ymin = 361, ymax = 420)
  
  ggsave(file = paste("co2_mauna_loa", l, Sys.Date(), "wp.svg", sep = "_"), 
         width = 20, 
         height = 20, 
         units = "cm", 
         device = svg)
}

# return to former locale
Sys.setlocale("LC_TIME", old_locale)

物体位置	19° 32′ 10.31″ 北, 155° 34′ 36.84″ 西	在以下服务上查看本图像和附近其他图像： OpenStreetMap	19.536197; -155.576900

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Data source license

These data are made freely available to the public and the scientific community in the belief that their wide dissemination will lead to greater understanding and new scientific insights.
— Pieter Tans, in: NOAA

文件历史

揿一个日脚／辰光来望当时出现过个文件。

	日脚 / 辰光	维度	用户	备注
当前	2023年12月16号 (六) 03:49	708 × 708（434 KB）	Oeneis	update 2023
	2022年12月23号 (五) 01:32	708 × 708（428 KB）	Oeneis	2022 update
	2022年8月15号 (一) 16:25	708 × 708（427 KB）	Oeneis	update with 2022 data
	2021年12月17号 (五) 06:01	708 × 708（424 KB）	Oeneis	update URLs
	2021年12月17号 (五) 03:43	708 × 708（421 KB）	Oeneis	2021 data
	2020年11月1号 (日) 01:52	708 × 708（420 KB）	Oeneis	update data 2020-10-31
	2019年7月20号 (六) 22:40	708 × 708（409 KB）	Oeneis	data up to 2019-06
	2019年1月6号 (日) 19:01	708 × 708（407 KB）	Oeneis	full 2018 year data ; data from Scripps due to US gov shutdown
	2018年10月21号 (日) 16:57	708 × 708（401 KB）	Oeneis	data up to 2018-10
	2018年1月20号 (六) 21:49	708 × 708（376 KB）	Oeneis	1958-2017 data

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- Aardverwarming
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宽度	566pt
高度	566pt

File:Mauna Loa CO2 monthly mean concentration.svg

目录

小结

Keeling curve

Create this plot

R code

授权协议

Data source license

说明

此文件中描述的项目

描绘内容 ^简体中文

地球大气层

二氧化碳

创作作者 ^简体中文

某些值没有维基数据项目

版权状态 ^简体中文

版权所有 ^简体中文

许可协议 ^简体中文

知识共享署名-相同方式共享4.0国际 ^简体中文

成立或创建时间 ^简体中文

6 1 2019

文件来源 ^简体中文

上传者的原创作品 ^简体中文

描述地坐标 ^{中文（已转写）}

19°32'10.309"N, 155°34'36.840"W

媒体类型 ^简体中文

image/svg+xml

文件历史

文件用法

全域文件用场

元数据

小结

Keeling curve

Create this plot

R code

授权协议

Data source license

说明

此文件中描述的项目

描绘内容 简体中文

地球大气层

二氧化碳

创作作者 简体中文

某些值没有维基数据项目

版权状态 简体中文

版权所有 简体中文

许可协议 简体中文

知识共享署名-相同方式共享4.0国际 简体中文

成立或创建时间 简体中文

6 1 2019

文件来源 简体中文

上传者的原创作品 简体中文

描述地坐标 中文（已转写）

19°32'10.309"N, 155°34'36.840"W

媒体类型 简体中文

image/svg+xml

文件历史

文件用法

全域文件用场

元数据

描绘内容 ^简体中文

创作作者 ^简体中文

版权状态 ^简体中文

版权所有 ^简体中文

许可协议 ^简体中文

知识共享署名-相同方式共享4.0国际 ^简体中文

成立或创建时间 ^简体中文

文件来源 ^简体中文

上传者的原创作品 ^简体中文

描述地坐标 ^{中文（已转写）}

媒体类型 ^简体中文